On the Origin of Art and Symbolism
- Michael Balter
LIBRARY, LONDON (SUPERSTOCK)

Researchers agree that Chauvet Cave’s magnificent paintings, including these lions, are full-blown art.
CREDIT: FRENCH MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND COMMUNICATION/DRAC RHONE-ALPES/DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAEOLOGY

Some scientists argue that this 77,000-year-old engraved ochre shows symbolic capacity.
CREDIT: CHRIS HENSHILWOOD AND FRANCESCO D’ERRICO

Archaeologists debate whether this modified stone was meant to represent a woman.
CREDIT: FRANCESCO D’ERRICO AND APRIL NOWELL